Программы для лечения компьютера: Лучшие бесплатные программы для обслуживания и оптимизации Windows

Программы для увеличения производительности компьютераCCleaner для windows 8

Удобная программа, позволяющая увеличить производительность компьютера в играх. Предварительная диагностика фиксирует весь ненужный хлам, скопившийся в результате многократных операций: установка, удаление, копирование.

Auslogics BoostSpeed

Отлично справляется с чисткой пк от мусора. Имеет функции автозагрузки в заданное время. Самостоятельно включается в фоновом режиме, запускает процесс обработки, отключается. Постоянно поддерживает рабочую машину в хорошем состоянии.

MSI Afterburner

Мощная программа для увеличения производительности компьютера. Скорость очистки жесткого диска высокая. Регулярное использование надолго решит вопрос ускорения и улучшения работы.

Revo Uninstaller для Windows 10

Профессиональное средство, которое по расписанию очищает корзину, чистит куки, кеш, историю посещенных страниц в браузере и неудаляемые после деинсталляции файлы.

Game Booster

Комплексное приложение увеличивает fps компьютера и понижает пинг в онлайн шутерах при подключении через интернет. Ощутимо усиливает быстродействие операционной системы.

Glary Utilities

Простое программное решение для системной оптимизации. Диагностирует реестр, исправляет ошибки. Устранит проблемы частых зависаний и притормаживаний pc.

Defraggler для windows 8

Популярный модуль для увеличения эффективности персонального компьютера, ноутбука. Анализирует деятельность всех комплектующих: процессор, видеокарта, оперативная память. В итоге происходит восстановление исходных параметров компьютера.

Victoria HDD

На помощь придет инструмент дефрагментации, обнаруживающий битые сектора. Приятный интерфейс утилиты сочетается с эффективной службой управления. Софт проводит проверку винчестера. Ищет большие папки с информацией, выполняет очищение по желанию пользователя.

Скачать программы для увеличения производительности компьютера бесплатно на русском языке. Совместимы с Windows 7, 8, 8.1, 10, XP (64 bit, 32 bit) и доступны без регистрации, смс и вирусов.

Advanced SystemCare Free для Windows

 

 

 

 

В последний версиях оптимизатора разработчики анонсируют увеличение производительности компьютера до 400%, устранение брешей в системе безопасности Windows, оптимизацию использования ресурсов оперативной памяти и процессора в реальном времени (функция Active Boost). А также режим для оптимизации игровых программ и для работы в функции Turbo Boost.

Программа содержит более 20 встроенных утилит (дефрагментация диска, чистка реестра, удаление программ, очистка дисков от ненужных файлов и другие), а также два настраиваемых режима комплексной очистки компьютера: Quick Care (быстрый) и Deep Care (глубокий). Предусмотрена возможность «отката» системы: при первом запуске программы делается резервная копия, из которой можно при необходимости восстановить данные, измененные программой в процессе работы с ПК.

 

Возможности:

• дефрагментация и оптимизация жестких дисков;
• чистка и оптимизация системного реестра;
• увеличние производительности и надежности системы;
• автоматическая работа в фоновом режиме;
• защита операционной системы от шпионского и вредоносного программного обеспечения;
• в разы улучшит работу персонального компьютера в целом;
• управление списками автозагрузок;
• оперативная очистка ненужных и временных файлов;
• многоязычный интерфейс;
• чистка истории открытых файлов и посещенных страниц.

 

Принцип работы:

главное окно программы содержит несколько закладок.
В закладке «Уход» собраны основные инструменты по обслуживанию компьютера, которые можно задействовать сразу после установки программы. Отметьте нужные пункты, после чего кнопкой «Проверка» запустите процесс.
В разделе «База инструментов» напротив каждого из приложений стоит своя отметка. Обратите внимание — если присутствует надпись «Pro», то приложение будет работать только в платной версии Advanced SystemCare Free.
«Центр Действий» оценивает текущее состояние ПК — наличие антивируса и его состояние, состояние драйверов и другие подобные операции.
Кнопкой «Исправить все» можно запустить процесс автоматической настройки параметров на усмотрение программы.

 

Плюсы:

• широкие возможности бесплатной версии — от работы с файлами и записями реестра до обновления драйверов;
• бэкап удаляемых и изменяемых записей реестра;
• работа с мобильными устройствами на ОС Android.

 

Минусы:

• много различных функций с не очевидными названиями действий;
• навязчивая реклама покупки платной версии;
• возможность повреждения операционной системы бездумными действиями.

 

Advanced SystemCare Free способен оптимизировать реестр и файлы ОС, но не стоит считать работу программы в автоматическом режиме панацеей от проблем с вирусами и повреждений системных файлов.
Рекомендуем оптимизатор опытным пользователям, которые знают важность бэкапов и уверены в своих действиях.

 

Аналоги:

RegCleaner – оптимизатор с набором только самых необходимых функций, который не способен повредить систему;

AVG PC Tuneup — целый комбайн из большого количества приложений для оптимизации и устранения любых проблем с Windows.

90000 Internet and Computer Addiction Treatment Program Options 90001 90002 Although the Internet has made it possible for individuals around the globe to network in ways previously not believed to be possible, that convenience does present the risk of addiction. When use of the Internet has become compulsive to the point that it is interfering with your work, daily life and personal relationships, you may be using it too much. 90003 90004 What Causes Internet / Computer Addictions? 90005 90002 According to the American Journal of Psychiatry, Internet addiction is comprised of three different subtypes.These subtypes are sexual preoccupations, gaming, and email or text messaging. Each of these different types of Internet addiction feature four common components: 90003 90008 90009 Excessive use 90010 90009 Withdrawal 90010 90009 Tolerance 90010 90009 Negative repercussions 90010 90017 90002 As computers, laptops and tablets become increasingly commonplace in today’s modern world, the question of how much Internet usage is too much naturally arises and thus, leads to the query of what causes Internet and computer addictions.It should be understood that everyone’s experience of using the Internet is different. Some people rely on the Internet extensively for their jobs. Others take advantage of the Internet to socialize with family and friends who do not live nearby. Ultimately, use of the Internet may become a problem when you begin to neglect important areas of your life, such as school, work or relationships in order to use the computer. 90003 90002 According to the National Institutes of Health, it is the rewarding nature of the Internet that could be responsible for the development of Internet addiction.It has long been established that addictions are responsible for activating various areas of the brain that are linked to pleasure. Collectively, these sites are known as the pleasure pathway. When these sites are activated, the brain increases production of dopamine and various other neurochemicals. As time passes, the need for increased stimulation of the brain’s reward center, in order to produce the same feelings, may develop. As a result, the individual may require increasing amounts of certain behavior patterns in order to avoid symptoms of withdrawal.90003 90002 The National Institutes of Health reports that it is now believed the use of digital technology, including the Internet, may provide users with multiple reward levels. Many people may initially use the Internet casually and subsequently develop an addiction for a variety of reasons, including the desire to relieve unpleasant feelings, such as anxiety, depression or loneliness. 90003 90002 The following symptoms could indicate Internet or computer addiction: 90003 90008 90009 Losing track of time spent online 90010 90009 Experiencing difficulty completing tasks at home or work 90010 90009 Isolation from friends and family 90010 90009 Feeling defensive or guilty about Internet usage 90010 90009 Experiencing a sense of euphoria when involved in online activities 90010 90017 90002 Individuals who have an Internet addiction may also experience physical symptoms that could include: 90003 90008 90009 Strained vision 90010 90009 Sleep problems 90010 90009 Carpal tunnel syndrome 90010 90009 Significant weight loss or weight gain 90010 90009 Severe headaches 90010 90017 90002 Internet addiction has become a global problem.The American Journal of Psychiatry reports that Internet addiction is now considered one of the most serious health issues facing South Korea while approximately 10 million teenagers in China are considered Internet addicts. 90003 90004 Is There a Cure for Online Addiction? 90005 90002 If you believe that you or someone close to you may be suffering from an Internet addiction, it is important that you know there is help available. While total abstinence is advocated in the treatment of many addictions, including those involving alcohol and drugs, the National Institutes of Health reports there is now a general consensus that completely abstaining from Internet usage should not be the ultimate goal of treatment.Instead, it is preferable to abstain from applications that have proven to be problematic for the user and work toward achieving an Internet usage level that strikes a healthy balance. 90003 90004 Therapies for Online Addicts 90005 90002 Therapies for online addicts are now available. In addition to traditional cognitive-behavioral approaches, other therapeutic methods are being explored in the treatment of Internet and computer addictions. 90003 90004 Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Treatment 90005 90002 One of the most important aspects related to a cognitive behavioral treatment for Internet addictions is to explore the patient’s specific usage patterns and then introduce new schedules in order to interrupt previously established patterns.External stoppers, including activities that require the addict to actually exit the Internet, may also be used. Many treatment programs also assist the patient in establishing goals regarding the amount of time they use the Internet. 90003 90002 Support groups may also prove to be helpful in the treatment of Internet addiction by compensating for the lack of social support that the patient initially sought to get through Internet and computer usage. If relational problems exist within the patient’s family, the individual may also benefit from engaging in family therapy or marriage therapy.90003 90004 Other Therapeutic Methods 90005 90002 Other therapeutic methods are also being examined in the treatment of Internet addiction, including the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for the treatment of certain symptoms that may accompany Internet addiction, including anxiety and depression. If you believe that you or someone close to you may be addicted to the Internet or computer usage, it is important to seek professional help for your internet addiction. Please contact us at for assistance in locating appropriate treatment.90003 90004 Residential Inpatient Internet Addiction Treatment Centers 90005 90002 In many instances, it is often helpful to recover from an addiction, including ones involving the Internet, in a professionally staffed facility. Residential or inpatient, Internet addiction treatment centers are designed to specifically address the symptoms related to Internet addiction and help you recover in a supportive and medically supervised environment. Patients can take advantage of residential treatment programs located in a variety of settings, including those close to home as well as those situated in serene environments, such as the mountains and near the beach.90003 90004 The Benefits of Residential Internet Addiction Treatments 90005 90002 The benefits of residential Internet addiction treatments can be enormous. Due to the wide prevalence of the Internet in everyday modern life, many people struggling with an addiction may find it difficult, if not impossible, to monitor their own usage. This can be particularly true if you are required to use the Internet or a computer for your job. By taking some time away and entering a residential treatment program, you will be able to step away from temptation and learn how to cope with your addiction in a supervised environment.A residential treatment facility will be staffed with professionals who are trained in understanding what is involved with an Internet and computer addiction and who will be able to guide you through an effective treatment program. 90003 90002 A residential treatment program can also be helpful in terms of diagnosing other possible health disorders or addictions that may be present and that could potentially complicate your recovery if left untreated. In addition, you will have the opportunity to participate in a variety of beneficial programs, including individual and group therapy, while in a residential program.Such therapy sessions can often prove to be beneficial by helping you to identify how your addiction developed, and what you can do in the future to avoid situations that could lead to relapse. 90003 90004 Luxury Computer and Internet Addiction Facilities 90005 90002 There are many different types of residential treatment programs available, including luxury computer and Internet addiction facilities. Such facilities are designed to ensure your complete comfort as you recover in a relaxing environment.You or your loved one may be able to take advantage of a number of different amenities while in treatment, including private accommodations, spa treatments, fitness programs and gourmet meals. 90003 90004 Executive Computer and Internet Addiction Programs 90005 90002 Executive computer and Internet addiction programs are also available. Such programs are often most suitable for professionals who have found they are suffering from an addiction to computer and Internet usage. If you feel that you simply are not able to take time away from your business, but you recognize the need for treatment, this could be an appropriate treatment solution.In the case of a residential executive addiction program, you will be able to benefit from the provision of office-related amenities, ensuring you are able to continue managing your business. The main difference that sets an executive computer and Internet addiction program apart from other treatment programs is that you will be provided with the ability to maintain a strong relationship with the office back home while at the same time receiving the critical treatment you need to overcome your addiction.90003 90004 Outpatient Internet / Computer Rehab and Treatment Programs 90005 90002 Outpatient Internet / computer rehab and treatment programs are also available. This type of program may be most suitable if you simply are not able to take time away from your family or your job in order to receive treatment. While attending this type of program, you will be able to live at home and check in with the center regularly for treatment. 90003 90004 Prescription and Over-the-Counter Medications 90005 90002 The use of prescription and over-the-counter medications in the treatment of Internet addiction may be advisable in certain situations.Addictions can be highly personal and may sometimes involve co-occurring disorders such as anxiety and depression. When this is the case, some patients may benefit from the use of medications that are relevant to their particular conditions. Currently, there are no over-the-counter medications that are known to assist with the treatment of Internet addictions. 90003 90004 How to Find the Best Online Addiction Treatment Facility 90005 90002 When you need to know how to find the best online addiction treatment facility, it is important to take into account a variety of elements.First, consider whether you or your loved one would benefit more from a residential or outpatient program. Although an outpatient program does offer the benefit of being able to continue living at home, many patients may find that the structured environment and medical supervision of a residential program is more conducive to a full recovery. It is also important to consider whether you need to attend treatment near home or whether you are able to travel for treatment. Also, consider the types of amenities you would prefer to have available while attending treatment.Finally, take the reputation of the facility into consideration. How long has the facility been open? Does the facility specialize in the treatment of online addiction? 90003 90002 Finding the right online addiction treatment facility is the first step to a new future. In a report released by the Stanford School of Medicine, more than 13 percent of people interviewed found it difficult to abstain from the Internet for several days at a time. If you need help locating an Internet addiction treatment facility for yourself or a loved one, please call us today at.Internet and computer addiction treatment program options are available. 90003 .90000 NIAAA Publications 90001 90002 90003 90004 90005 TEXTBOX 90006 90007 PROGRAM COSTS 90008 90005 Although evidence indicates that some computer-based interventions are effective, there has been no formal study of their effectiveness in relation to their cost. To provide researchers and treatment providers with some means of evaluating the cost-effectiveness of these programs, the costs associated with the use of some of these programs are listed here.90006 90011 90012 90005 The Addiction Severity Index-Multimedia Version (ASI-MV). This program costs $ 199 and can be used with five clients. Additional uses cost $ 5-8 each, depending on the quantity ordered. 90006 90015 90012 90005 The Drinker’s Check-Up / Follow-Up Drinker’s Check-Up. The purchase price of the DCU / FDCU program is $ 400, and there are no additional user fees.The Internet version available at www.drinkerscheckup.com costs $ 25 per user. A Spanish version is available at www.drinkerscheckup.com/ index_spanish.htm. 90006 90015 90012 90005 The Behavioral Self-Control Program for Windows (BSCPWIN) -Therapist’s Version. This program costs $ 500 and has no per-use fees. It comes with a license to provide copies of the Single User version to the therapist’s clients without further charge.The Single User version’s cost to the general public is $ 25. 90006 90015 90024 90005 It is important to note that the total costs of a given computer-based assessment or intervention tool include not only the program’s purchase price and any per-use fees, but also the time necessary to train counselors in using the program as well as the cost associated with implementing the program and integrating it into the workflow of a clinic.These indirect costs are not discussed in the literature but should be considered in any analysis of cost-effectiveness. 90006 90005 END OF TEXTBOX 90006 90029 90030 90031 90007 ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER-BASED TOOLS 90008 90005 PC- or Web-based software programs have several advantages over face-to-face interventions: 90006 90011 90012 90005 They require little or no therapist involvement, which may increase cost-effectiveness.90006 90015 90012 90005 They can provide personalized feedback to clients in a timely and visually engaging manner. 90006 90015 90012 90005 They can minimize bias that could arise in clinical relationships (i.e., provider-client interactions) (Miller and Sovereign 1989). 90006 90015 90012 90005 They can more consistently provide specific recommendations for change, based on the results of the assessment and other empirical evidence.90006 90015 90012 90005 They offer the ability to store information in a database format so that it can be studied and analyzed by a supervising therapist or health care provider. 90006 90015 90012 90005 At least some programs allow for automatic collection of followup data and for the generation of outcome reports. 90006 90015 90012 90005 A given assessment or treatment program can be widely disseminated while maintaining treatment fidelity.90006 90015 90024 90005 These advantages are supported by research demonstrating that personal data derived from computer-based interviews in the psychiatry and alcohol and other drug (AOD) abuse fields are accurate and valid. Almost 30 years ago, Greist (1977) noted that as the information solicited becomes more sensitive, clients preferred a computer-based interview. And Servan-Schreiber (1986) concluded that «patients suffering from.. . alcohol or drug abuse tend to report more information to a computer interviewer than to its human counterpart » (P. 197). These findings were corroborated by a report that computer-based screening detected alcohol abuse at twice the rate of face-to-face screening (Kobak et al. 1997). Similarly, Turner and colleagues (1998) demonstrated that in a national survey of teenagers, self-reported rates of high-risk health behaviors were significantly higher when an audio-computer-assisted self-interviewing program was used than when a traditional paper-and-pencil questionnaire was used.Finally, Paperny and Hedberg (1999) documented significantly higher levels of self-reports of high-risk behaviors in teens receiving preventive health services when screening was performed using a computer program. 90006 90007 TOOLS FOR ASSESSING ALCOHOL PROBLEMS 90008 90005 Several screening and assessment instruments now are available in computer- or Web-based versions. Twenty-eight instruments that offer computerized versions, 21 of which are self-administered, are listed in the second edition of 90071 Assessing Alcohol Problems: A Guide for Clinicians and Researchers 90072, published by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) (Allen and Wilson 2004).As Allen (2004) has pointed out, these alternative methods of administration may be more engaging for clients and may increase response accuracy. 90006 90005 Two commonly used screening instruments are the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and the CAGE. These instruments are listed in the NIAAA 90071 Guide 90072 and are available in computerized versions. The AUDIT also is available in Web-based versions (e.g., at www.drinkerscheckup.com and www.alcoholscreening.org). 90006 90005 In addition, the NIAAA 90071 Guide 90072 lists 18 diagnostic tools, many of which allow for computerized scoring (e.g., the Alcohol Dependence Scale [ADS], Composite International Diagnostic Interview [CIDI core] Version 2.1, Diagnostic Interview Schedule for DSM-IV [DIS-IV], or Substance Dependence Severity Scale [SDSS]). 90006 90005 The Addiction Severity Index-Multimedia Version (ASI-MV) is another good example of a commonly used diagnostic instrument that is available as a self-administered computerized version.The ASI-MV is a PC-based program that leads the user through a series of video interviews corresponding to the domains assessed in the ASI. Both the questions and the answer options are read aloud, and the answers are highlighted as they are read. The user responds by pointing the mouse and clicking on the most appropriate answer. With this design, the user does not need to be literate or computer literate. In a study of the ASI-MV’s psychometric properties, users described the program as easy to use and engaging (Butler at al.2001). In the same study, the program’s developers found good-to-superior psychometric qualities for the ASI-MV (Butler et al. 2001). With the interviewer-administered version of the ASI, investigators had noted that it was difficult to ensure that different interviewers interpreted the results in the same manner (i.e., to maintain a high degree of inter-rater reliability). Because the rating in the computer-based version is done automatically, the ASI-MV is an attractive option for treatment providers who already use the ASI in developing treatment plans.The ASI-MV program requires a Windows-driven PC with a CD-ROM drive and speakers. 90006 90007 TOOLS FOR INTERVENTIONS 90008 90005 Far less research has been done on computerized interventions for alcohol problems than on computerized screening and diagnosis. Although both PC- and Web-based brief interventions have been developed, very few have undergone formal testing for efficacy. Linke and colleagues (2004) described a pilot Web-based effort targeting a general population in the United Kingdom.In the United States, Web-based intervention efforts have been aimed primarily at college students (for a review, see Walters et al. 2005). For example, Kypri and colleagues (2004) published positive findings about a Web-based application called e-SBI that targets a college audience. 90006 90005 90089 90071 Increasing Motivation With Brief Interventions 90072 90092 90006 90005 Hester and colleagues (2005) have developed what appears to be the only available computer-based brief motivational intervention with published evidence of efficacy in a population of problem drinkers.This intervention, called the Drinker’s Check-Up (DCU), is a computer-based version of the face-to-face brief motivational intervention protocol by the same name developed by Miller and colleagues (1988). The DCU, which can be used either as a stand-alone intervention or as a prelude to longer-term inpatient or outpatient treatment (See Brown and Miller 1993), consists of three modules: 90006 90011 90012 90005 Module 1 assesses the user’s drinking, risk factors, alcohol-related problems, symptoms of dependence, and motivation.90006 90015 90012 90005 Module 2 provides personalized, objective feedback based on the user’s responses. 90006 90015 90012 90005 Module 3 helps the user resolve his or her ambivalence about changing drinking patterns. 90006 90015 90024 90005 The computer-based version of the DCU is available both as a Windows program and as an Internet application (www.drinkerscheckup.com). The Windows-based version also offers a followup program (the Follow-up Drinker’s Check-Up [FDCU]) that allows providers to collect data at up to three followup points. The FDCU can generate outcome reports for individual users, user subgroups, and the total sample in a database, making it useful as a program evaluation tool. 90006 90005 The DCU was evaluated as a stand-alone intervention in a randomized clinical trial with a 12-month followup (Hester et al.2005; Squires and Hester 2004). In the study, 61 problem drinkers recruited from the community were randomly assigned either to a group that received the intervention immediately or to a group that received the intervention after a 4-week waiting period. Overall, participants in both groups reduced the quantity and frequency of drinking by 50 percent after receiving the intervention and showed similar reductions in alcohol-related problems and symptoms of dependence that were sustained through the 12-month followup.90006 90005 The Windows version of the DCU / FDCU requires a Windows-driven PC and a printer. Primary health care settings that screen patients for alcohol problems may find the DCU / FDCU helpful either as a stand-alone tool or as the first step in a stepped-care model of treatment for their patients. AOD abuse treatment providers could use the DCU program as a prelude to skills-based interventions and the FDCU for collecting followup data and for program evaluation.90006 90005 90071 90089 Harm Reduction Through Skill-Building 90092 90072 90006 90005 The Behavioral Self-Control Program for Windows (BSCPWIN) is a skills-oriented program that helps less severely dependent drinkers learn moderate drinking skills. It consists of eight modules that focus on setting goals, self-monitoring, controlling the drinking rate, setting up rewards and penalties, developing alternatives to drinking, identifying high-risk situations, preventing relapse, and a final progress review and feedback.After users have completed the self-monitoring component, each time users return to the program it asks them to enter their self-monitored alcohol consumption data and gives them feedback on their drinking relative to the goals they set previously. The program then continues with the next module in the sequence. 90006 90005 The BSCPWIN program was evaluated as a stand-alone intervention in a randomized clinical trial with a 12-month followup.Forty heavy drinkers were randomly assigned to receive the BSCPWIN program either immediately or after a 10-week waiting period (Hester and Delaney 1997). Drinking outcomes assessed at 10 weeks, 20 weeks, and 12 months supported the effectiveness of the program. At 10 weeks, the Immediate group had reduced their total drinks per week by 61 percent (from 35.2 to 13.8 drinks per week) and their estimated peak blood alcohol concentrations by 66 percent (from 0.180 percent to 0.060 percent). The Waitlist group did not change their drinking behavior until they received the intervention; after that, they exhibited declines in alcohol consumption at 20 weeks comparable to those the Immediate group had shown at 10 weeks. These outcomes were maintained through the 12-month followup. The accuracy of these self-reports was supported by corroboration from the subjects ‘ significant others. Moreover, the standardized effect sizes for drinking variables were comparable to those found in studies in which the BSCP protocol was delivered in a face-to-face format.Finally, the study found some evidence of a concurrent decline in other recent drug use among the participants. At baseline, 40 percent of the participants had reported recent use of other drugs. This number declined to 30 percent at the 12-month followup. 90006 90005 BSCPWIN is available both in a Therapist’s version and a Single User version, which can be given to a therapist’s clients or obtained by the general public. Primary health care settings that screen patients for alcohol problems may find the BSCPWIN helpful in a stepped-care model of treatment for their patients.In addition, the program may be useful for AOD abuse treatment providers whose patient population includes less severely dependent drinkers. 90006 90007 HOW DO COMPUTER-BASED PROGRAMS INCREASE MOTIVATION AND BEHAVIORAL CHANGES? 90008 90005 The outcome data from the studies described in the previous section support the effectiveness of computer-based interventions in the treatment of people with alcohol problems. But what makes these interventions effective is another question.How do software programs and Web-based applications motivate people to change and help them learn the skills necessary to change their behavior successfully? As yet, no solid data are available to answer this question conclusively. A review by Walters and Neighbors (2005) of PC- and Web-based brief interventions for college students suggests, however, that personalized feedback may be a key component. Both intervention programs described above provide some personalized feedback, either about people’s current drinking (DCU) or about their progress in changing their drinking (BSCPWIN).The degree to which the information presented is customized or tailored to the individual user also may be key. Schneider and colleagues (1990) found with an intervention for smoking cessation that users were more likely to succeed if they received more customized and tailored messages. 90006 90007 CONCLUSIONS 90008 90005 There is both good news and bad news concerning computer-based tools for assessing and intervening with patients with alcohol problems.The good news is that a growing number of PC- and Web-based screening and diagnostic instruments with good psychometric properties are available. The bad news is that there are only a few programs for conducting interventions with clients. However, randomized clinical trials published in peer-reviewed journals have found evidence for the effectiveness of the few available intervention programs. 90006 90005 Some factors may interfere with the incorporation of these programs into clinical practice.For example, although the purchase prices for these programs are relatively modest, as noted in the textbox, the costs associated with provider training, implementation, and integration of programs into clinical practice are barriers to their adoption. This issue warrants further analysis. 90006 90005 Perhaps the biggest barrier to more widespread dissemination of computer-based interventions is the reluctance of providers and treatment programs to change their mindset about using computer-based tools with their patients, particularly tools that provide direct PC- or Web-based interventions rather than just assessment.Anecdotal data indicate, however, that participants in clinical trials of the DCU and BSCPWIN liked working with these programs. They also clearly benefited clinically from their use. Furthermore, providers ‘ positive experiences with the growing number of computer-based assessment tools may increase their willingness to explore the use of computer-based approaches for intervention as well. 90006 90005 Currently, clinicians, their clients, and the general public who are looking for treatment options for alcohol-related problems on the Internet have relatively few choices.Therefore, additional programs are needed that provide brief motivational interventions particularly for people who primarily use drugs other than alcohol, for people with comorbid psychiatric disorders, and for heavy-drinking college students. Also needed are programs for people actively pursuing abstinence goals who want to use scientifically supported protocols. Finally, PC- or Web-based programs should be developed for people who are not in treatment for alcohol-related problems but are interested in changing their drinking behavior.90006 90007 REFERENCES 90008 90005 Allen, J.P. Assessment of alcohol problems: An overview. In: Allen, J.P., and Wilson, V.B., eds. 90071 Assessing Alcohol Problems: A Guide for Clinicians and Researchers, Second Edition. 90072 NIH Pub. No. 03-3745. Bethesda, MD: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 2004. pp. 1-11. 90006 90005 Allen, J.P., and Wilson, V.B. 90071 Assessing Alcohol Problems: A Guide for Clinicians and Researchers, Second Edition 90072.NIH Pub. No. 03-3745. Bethesda, MD: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 2004. 90006 90005 Brown, J.M., and Miller, W.R. Impact of motivational interviewing on participation and outcome in residential alcoholism treatment. 90071 Psychology of Addictive Behaviors 90072 7: 211-218, 1993. 90006 90005 Butler, S.F .; Budman, S.H .; Goldman, R.J .; et al. Initial validation of a computer-administered Addiction Severity Index: The ASI-MV.90071 Psychology of Addictive Behaviors 90072 15: 4-12, 2001. PMID: 11255937 90006 90005 Greist, J. Computer measures of patient progress in psychotherapy. 90071 Psychiatry Digest 90072 38: 23-30, 1977. 90006 90005 Hester, R.K., and Delaney, H.D. Behavioral Self-Control Program for Windows: Results of a controlled clinical trial. 90071 Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 90072 65: 686-693, 1997. PMID: 9256570 90006 90005 Hester, R.K .; Squires, D.D .; and Delaney, H.D. The Drinker’s Check-Up: 12-month outcomes of a controlled clinical trial of a stand-alone software program for problem drinkers. 90071 Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 90072 28: 159-169, 2005. PMID: 15780546 90006 90005 Kobak, K.A .; Taylor, L.H .; Dottl, S.L .; et al. A computer-administered telephone interview to identify mental disorders. 90071 JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association 90072 278: 905-910, 1997..PMID: 9302242 90006 90005 Kypri, K .; Saunders, J.B .; Williams, S.M; et al. Web-based screening and brief intervention for hazardous drinking: A double-blind randomized controlled trial. 90071 Addiction 90072 99: 1410-1417, 2004. PMID: 15500594 90006 90005 Linke, S .; Brown, A .; and Wallace, P. Down your drink: A Web-based intervention for people with excessive alcohol consumption. 90071 Alcohol and Alcoholism 90072 39: 29-32, 2004.PMID: 14691071 90006 90005 Miller, W.R., and Sovereign, R.G. The check-up: A model for early intervention in addictive behaviors. In: Loberg, T .; Miller, W.R .; Nathan, P.E .; and Marlatt, G.A., eds. 90071 Addictive Behaviors: Prevention and Early Intervention. 90072 Amsterdam: Swets & Zeitlinger, 1989. pp. 219-231. 90006 90005 Miller, W.R .; Sovereign, R.G .; and Krege, B. Motivational interviewing with problem drinkers: II.The Drinker’s Check-Up as a preventive intervention. 90071 Behavioural Psychotherapy 90072 16: 251-268, 1988. 90006 90005 Paperny, D.M.N., and Hedberg, V.A. Computer-assisted health counselor visits. 90071 Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 90072 153: 63-67, 1999. PMID: 9895001 90006 90005 Schneider, S.J .; Walter, R .; and O’Donnell, R. Computerized communication as a medium for behavioral smoking cessation treatment: Controlled evaluation.90071 Computers in Human Behavior 90072 6: 141-151, 1990. 90006 90005 Servan-Schreiber, D. Artificial intelligence and psychiatry. 90071 Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 90072 174: 191-202, 1986. PMID: 3514790 90006 90005 Squires, D.D., and Hester, R.K. Using technical innovations in clinical practice: The Drinker’s Check-Up software program. 90071 Journal of Clinical Psychology 90072 60: 159-195, 2004. PMID: 14724923 90006 90005 Turner, C.F .; Ku, L .; Rogers, S.M .; et al. Adolescent sexual behavior, drug use, and violence: Increased reporting with computer survey technology. 90071 Science 90072 280: 867-873, 1998. PMID: 9572724 90006 90005 Walters, S .; Hester, R.K .; Chiauzzi, E.M .; and Miller, E. Demon rum: High-tech solutions to an age-old problem. 90071 Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 90072 29: 270-277, 2005. PMID: 15714050 90006 .90000 90001 Community Treatment Programs — How is Community Treatment Programs abbreviated? 90002 90003 90004 Acronym 90005 90004 Definition 90005 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Community Technology Preview 90011 90008 90015 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Computer-To-Plate 90019 (prepress / printing process) 90020 90011 90008 90023 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Corporate Training Program 90019 (various companies) 90020 90011 90008 90031 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Creative Teaching Press 90019 (California) 90020 90011 90008 90031 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Compulsory Third Party 90019 (insurance) 90020 90011 90008 90047 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Comité Technique Paritaire 90019 (French: Joint Technical Committee ) 90020 90011 90008 90055 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Consulente Tecnico di Parte 90019 (Italian: Party-Appointed Expert) 90020 90011 90008 90023 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Certified Treasury Professional 90011 90008 90031 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Centre Technique du Papier 90019 (French: Paper Technical Center) 90020 90011 90008 90015 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Chemisch Thermische Prozesstechnik GmbH 90019 (German chemical company) 90020 90011 90008 90085 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Community Technical Preview 90019 (Microsoft) 90020 90011 90008 90093 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Centri Territoriali Permanenti 90019 (Italian: Permanent Territorial Center) 90020 90011 90008 90031 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Contrat de Transition Professionnelle 90019 (French: Contract of Employment Transition; employee dismissal) 90020 90011 90008 90093 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Communauté de Travail des Pyrénées 90019 (French: Working Community of the Pyrenees) 90020 90011 90008 90023 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Certified Translation Professional 90019 (Global Translation Institute; Portland, OR) 90020 90011 90008 90125 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Center for Theoretical Physics 90019 (various locations) 90020 90011 90008 90055 90010 CTP 90011 90010 City Traffic Police 90019 (Pakistan) 90020 90011 90008 90125 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Communications in Theoretical Physics 90019 (journal) 90020 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Cyclic Time Processor 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Conformance Testing Program 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Command Transfer Processor 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Cpu Thermal Protection 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Central Trigger Processor 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Comm unications Timing Procedure 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Cisco Transport Planner 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Creative Technology Playcenter 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Connectivity Testing Platform 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Certified Training Providers 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Capability to Promise 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Corel Training Partner 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Computer to Plate 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Computer to Print 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Collection Tree Protocol 90011 90008 90085 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Convergence Technologies Professional 90011 90008 90047 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Cooperating Technical Partners 90019 (US FEMA) 90020 90011 90008 90253 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Cytidine Triphosphate 90011 90008 90047 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Republican Turkish Party 90019 (Turkish Cypriot Area) 90020 900 11 90008 90085 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Composite Theoretical Performance 90011 90008 90093 90010 CTP 90011 90010 CashTransfer Program 90019 (humanitarian response) 90020 90011 90008 90253 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Closed Time Path 90019 (physics) 90020 90011 90008 90055 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Countywide Transportation Plan 90019 (various locations) 90020 90011 90008 90297 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Capable To Promise 90011 90008 90023 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Career Transition Partnership 90019 (UK) 90020 90011 90008 90047 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Certificate to Prescribe 90019 (Ohio) 90020 90011 90008 90253 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Closed Throttle Position 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Cordless Telephony Profile 90011 90008 90297 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Cordless Telephony Profile 90019 (Bluetooth) 90020 90011 90008 90339 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Call to Power 90019 (computer game) 90020 90011 90008 90031 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Concept to Pr oduction 90011 90008 90055 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Criminal Trespass 90019 (law) 90020 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Computer-To-Press 90019 (printing from computer files) 90020 90011 90008 90253 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Child-Turcotte-Pugh 90019 (liver disease severity scoring system) 90020 90011 90008 90015 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Conventional Treatment Plants 90019 (wastewater) 90020 90011 90008 90385 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Center for Tax Policy 90019 (Denver, CO) 90020 90011 90008 90055 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Common Tactical Picture 90019 (GCCS) 90020 90011 90008 90385 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Cape Town Partnership 90019 (South Africa) 90020 90011 90008 90409 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Commissione Tributaria Provinciale 90019 (Italian: Provincial Tax Commission) 90020 90011 90008 90047 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Care Trust Plus 90019 (UK) 90020 90011 90008 90253 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Coal Tar Pitch 90019 (anode / cathode production) 9002 0 90011 90008 90031 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Concept-Travaux-Publics 90019 (French construction equipment manufacturer) 90020 90011 90008 90093 90010 CTP 90011 90010 College Transition Program 90019 (various schools) 90020 90011 90008 90031 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Création et Travaux du Paysage 90019 (French: Creation and Landscape Works) 90020 90011 90008 90085 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Communications Technology Platform 90019 (Nexent) 90020 90011 90008 90055 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Comprehensive Training Plan 90011 90008 90093 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Communications Technology Professionals 90019 (Colorado) 90020 90011 90008 90093 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Confederacion de Trabajadores del Peru 90019 (Confederation of Workers of Peru) 90020 90011 90008 90093 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Culinary Training Program 90019 (various locations) 90020 90011 90008 90253 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Cellular Therapy Product 90011 90008 90253 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Cloud T op Pressure 90011 90008 90085 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Clouzet Téléphonie Privé 90019 (French telecommunications company) 90020 90011 90008 90093 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Custom Training Program 90011 90008 90093 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Certified Turfgrass Professional 90011 90008 90527 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Chicago Technology Park 90019 (university-related business incubator; Chicago, IL) 90020 90011 90008 90093 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Chamber Theatre Productions 90019 (Boston, MA) 90020 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Circuit to Packet 90011 90008 90055 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Community Transportation Program 90011 90008 90339 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Closest To Pin 90019 (golf, disc golf) 90020 90011 90008 90047 90010 CTP 90011 90010 California Transportation Plan 90011 90008 90031 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Cambridge Technology Partners, Inc.90019 (Cambridge, Massachusetts) 90020 90011 90008 90031 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Chevronnet Travaux Publics 90019 (French: Chevronnet Public Works) 90020 90011 90008 90055 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Chief Test Pilot 90011 90008 90023 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Certified Transportation Professional 90019 (National Private Truck Council) 90020 90011 90008 90253 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Conventional Terrestrial Pole 90011 90008 90605 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Community Treatment Programs 90019 (NIDA) 90020 90011 90008 90093 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Cible Tarbes Pyrénées 90019 (French shooting club) 90020 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Connection Termination Point 90011 90008 90023 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Cámara de Turismo de Pucón 90019 (Spanish: Chamber of Tourism of Pucón; Pucón, Chile) 90020 90011 90008 90031 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Construction Tradition Pierre 90019 (French construction company) 90020 90011 90008 90125 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Centre Terre et Pierre 90019 (Belgium technology center) 90020 90011 90008 90031 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Critical to Process 90011 90008 90031 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Car-Tune-Products 90019 (German company) 90020 90011 90008 90665 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Communications Technologies Program 90019 ( various companies) 90020 90011 90008 90253 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Chronic Testicular Pain 90011 90008 90023 90010 CTP 90011 90010 China Teaching Project 90019 (est.1994; Richard Ivey School of Business; Canada) 90020 90011 90008 90085 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Cartoon Television Program 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Common Transport Protocol 90011 90008 90093 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Cheyenne Transit Program 90011 90008 90055 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Certification Test Plan 90011 90008 90055 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Course Training Plan 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Capitol Telecommunications Professionals 90011 90008 90093 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Chartered Teacher Programme 90019 (UK) 90020 90011 90008 90731 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Critical Technical Parameter 90019 (s) 90020 90011 90008 90055 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Consistent Tactical Picture 90011 90008 90253 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Chloroplastic Transit Peptide 90011 90008 90385 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Certified Texas Purchaser 90011 90008 90093 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Championship Tractor Pull 90011 90008 90763 90010 CTP 90011 90010 CEBAF Test Package 90011 90008 90055 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Comprehensive Test Plan 90011 90008 90093 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Charleston Tea Plantation 90011 90008 90731 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Communications Timing Procedure 90019 (NASA) 90020 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Constant Threshold Predictor 90011 90008 90031 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Certified Turnaround Practitioner 90011 90008 90297 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Commitment To Perform 90011 90008 90731 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Cyclic Time Processor 90019 (NASA) 90020 90011 90008 90253 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Critical Temperature and Pressure 90019 (chemistry) 90020 90011 90008 90093 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Champion Tree Project 90011 90008 90055 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Contract Tower Program 90011 90008 90093 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Confédération des Travailleurs du Pérou 90019 (French: Confederation of Peru Workers) 90020 90011 90008 90023 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Joint China-IMF Training Program 90011 90008 90055 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Continuum Training Plan 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Consolidated Telecommunications Program 90011 90008 90055 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Communications Terminal Processor 90011 90008 90731 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Core Temperature Pill 90011 90008 90253 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Clinical Trials Protocols 90011 90008 90055 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Coherent Tactical Picture 90011 90008 90253 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Critical Timing Path 90011 90008 90253 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Cell Transponder Probe 90011 90008 90897 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Consolidated Test Plan 90011 90008 90031 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Cowtipping Productions 90011 90008 90253 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Commissioning Test Procedure 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Canonical Trace Property 90011 90008 90055 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Communications Tasking Plan 90011 90008 90253 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Charge Transfer Photography 90011 90008 90031 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Comp osites Technology Park 90011 90008 90055 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Coordinated Test Plan / Program 90011 90008 90055 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Civilian Training Program 90011 90008 90009 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Compute-Transfer Parallelism 90019 (part of application parralellism in computing) 90020 90011 90008 90253 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Cyclotripiperonylene 90011 90008 90055 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Command Training Package 90011 90008 90731 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Critical Test Parameter 90011 90008 90085 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Corning Telecommunications Products 90011 90008 90897 90010 CTP 90011 90010 Common Timing Protocol 90011 90008 90989 .90000 Computer program — definition of computer program by The Free Dictionary 90001 90002 90003 computer program 90004 — (computer science) a sequence of instructions that a computer can interpret and execute; «The program required several hundred lines of code» computer science, computing — the branch of engineering science that studies (with the aid of computers) computable processes and structuresanti-virus program — a computer program that checks a computer for viruses and prevents their spreadbinary program, binary — a pre-compiled, pre-linked program that is ready to run under a given operating system; a binary for one operating system will not run on a different operating system; «The same source code can be compiled to produce different binaries for different operating systems» loop — a computer program that performs a series of instructions repeatedly until some specified condition is satisfiedpatch — a short set of commands to correct a bug in a computer programchecking program — a program that examines other computer programs for syntax errorscompiling program, compiler — (computer science) a program that decodes instructions written in a higher order language and produces an assembly language programdebugger — a program that helps in locating and correcting programming errorsuser interface, interface — (computer science) a program that controls a display for the user (usually on a computer monitor) and that allows the user to interact with the systemjob control — a program that is called to prepare each job to be runsource program — a program written in a language from which statements are translated into machine languageparser — a computer program that div ides code up into functional components; «Compilers must parse source code in order to translate it into object code» tagging program, tagger — a computer program that attaches labels to the grammatical constituents of textual matterrelocatable program — a program that can be located in different parts of memory at different timessearch engine — a computer program that retrieves documents or files or data from a database or from a computer network (especially from the internet) spider, wanderer — a computer program that prowls the internet looking for publicly accessible resources that can be added to a database; the database can then be searched with a search enginespreadsheet — a screen-oriented interactive program enabling a user to lay out financial data on the screenstored program — a program that is stored in the memory of the computer that executes ittext-matching — a computer program that looks for text that matches a given text; «Google uses text-matching to find web pages containing a particular text» service program, utility program, utility — (computer science) a program designed for general support of the processes of a computer; «A computer system provides utility programs to perform the tasks needed by most users».